Ukugcinwa Nokusebenzisa Amapulatifomu Ensimbi Eyenziwe

Izimo zemvelo ezifana nezinga lokushisa, umswakama, nokuhudula zingathinta ukunemba kokuphakama kwamapulatifomu ensimbi. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukugcina izimo zokusebenza ezizinzile. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba okuhle ezinhlelweni zansuku zonke, ukusetshenziswa okufanele nokmaintenance okuvamile kubalulekile. Ukusebenza okungafanele kungaholela eziphambukisweni zokulinganisa, kanti ukungabi khona kokmaintenance kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kokunemba kwendawo futhi kuphazamise ikhwalithi yezingxenye ezihlolwayo. Sicela ulandele lezi ziqondiso zokusebenzisa nokugcina amapulatifomu ensimbi.

Ukulungiselela Ukuze Usebenzise

Qinisekisa ukuthi ukunemba kwendawo yeplate kusemkhawulweni ophusile.

Hlola izimpawu zokugqwala, ukugqokwa, izikhala, noma ezinye izinkinga zendawo.

Suswa yonke imfucumfucu, amafutha, uthuli, nezinsalela.

Hlanza indawo kahle usebenzisa indwangu ethambile noma iphepha elingenamafutha.

Gcina irekhodi lokuhlola njalo.

Gcina ipulatifomu yendawo nezinsiza zokulinganisa zihlukaniswe ezindaweni ezifanele—ungazifaki phezulu.

Izikhombisi Zokusebenza

Qinisekisa ukuthi kukhona ukuxhumana okuphelele phakathi kwephiece nomphakathi ngaphandle kokuphambuka. Gwema ukuthinta indawo yokulinganisa ngezandla.

Faka amandla okulinganisa aphakathi. Upressure ophakeme ungaholela eziphambukisweni noma ulimele ipulatifomu.

Ungalinganisi ama-workpieces ajikelezayo ukuze ugweme izingozi ezingaba khona.

Gwema ukuhudula noma ukuhamba ipulatifomu ngokungafanele.

Landela izinqubo ezithile uma ulinganisa ama-workpieces akhethekile.

Ukmaintenance Ngemva Kokusebenzisa

Hlanza ipulatifomu yendawo ngokuphelele ngemuva kokusebenzisa.

Faka ungqimba lwama-oil angagqwali bese ugcina ipulatifomu ebhakedeni elikhethekile.

Abantu abavunyelwe kuphela kufanele benze ukuhluza, ukulungisa, ukulungisa, noma ukuhlanganisa kabusha.

Qhuba ukuhlolwa kokusebenza njalo kumapulatifomu agcinwe futhi ugcine amarekhodi wokmaintenance.

Qhuba ukuhlola ukunemba ngezikhathi ezithile futhi ugcine amarekhodi okuphumelela.

Ukusekelwa KwezeMisebenzi

Sizibophezele ekuhlinzekeni ngamapulatifomu ensimbi aphezulu nokuhlala isikhathi eside. Uma unemibuzo noma udinga usizo lwezobuchwepheshe, sicela uzizwe ukhululekile ukusithinta. Ithimba lethu linikeza izixazululo eziphelele ukuze lisekele izidingo zakho zokulinganisa ukunemba.

Uhlelo lwebhentshi lokuhlola lwe-Aero Engine Research Institute (okuhlanganisa isisekelo, ipuleti lesisekelo sokuhlola, kanye ne-T-slot test base plate) yakhelwe ukuhlola okuyisisekelo nokuhlolwa kwemishini, futhi ubukhulu bayo bubonke bucishe bube ngamamitha angu-20 × 1.4 amamitha (ubude × ububanzi). Isistimu idinga ukuhlangabezana nokucaciswa okunembayo okulandelayo:

Ukubekezelelana kwe-flatness: hhayi ngaphezu kwe-0.6 mm.

Ukubekezelelana kokuqina: kungabi ngaphezu kuka-0.3 mm ngaphakathi kuka-2032 mm ubude futhi kungabi ngaphezu kuka-0.9 mm phakathi kobude bonke.

Izidingo ezithile zobuchwepheshe zimi kanje:

Ukubunjwa nesakhiwo: Kunengqikithi yesethi engu-1 yesistimu, ehlanganiswe kusukela kumapulatifomu azimele angu-5, ahlelwe ngendlela eqondile ngokuhambisana nobude, futhi ibanga phakathi kwamapulatifomu amabili aseduze angu-200 mm. Ubukhulu beplatifomu eyodwa 4000 mm × 1600 mm (ubude × ububanzi).

Izinga lokunemba: Izinga lokunemba lenkundla ngayinye lifinyelela izinga 2 elijwayelekile.

Ukunemba komhlangano: Umehluko wobude beplathifomu iyonke ngemva kokuhlanganisa kufanele ulawulwe ngaphakathi kuka-0.1 mm.

Imininingwane yebhulokhi: Usayizi webhulokhi eyodwa ngu-300 mm × 60 mm × 80 mm (ubude × ububanzi × ukuphakama).

Ukukhethwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo: Insimbi ephonswe ngamandla aphezulu i-HT200-300 isetshenziswa njengento yokukhiqiza.

Imfuneko yokuqina: Ukuqina kwempahla kufanele kuhlangabezane nebanga elijwayelekile le-HB170-240.

Ukwelashwa okungaphezulu nombala: Indawo engaphezulu yesikhulumi (ngaphandle kwebhulokhi yokusekela) ipendiwe ipigogo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, inombolo yombala PB11, inombolo yekhadi ehambisanayo GSB05-1426-2001, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukungaguquguquki nobungcweti ekubukekeni.

Lezi zidingo zobuchwepheshe ezingenhla ziqinisekisa ukunemba okuphezulu, ukuzinza okuphezulu kanye nobungcweti bohlelo lwebhentshi lokuhlola le-Aero Engine Research Institute, elihlangabezana nezidingo eziqinile zokuhlola nokuhlola okuyinkimbinkimbi.

Ukufakwa kanye nokugunyazwa kwepuleti yensimbi eyinsimbi yomshini oyisicefe phansi kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile sokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuvamile kwemishini. Okulandelayo yizinyathelo ezinemininingwane zokufaka nokususa iphutha kanye nezindaba ezidinga ukunakwa ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, ngethemba lokukusiza ukuthi uqonde kangcono futhi usebenze.

Izinyathelo zokufaka nokususa iphutha:

1. Ukubekwa nokulungiswa kokuqala: Okokuqala, beka ipuleti lensimbi elibunjiwe kancane kancane phansi futhi ulungise ukuzinza kwamakhona awo amane ngokuzwa. Okulandelayo, lungisa kahle izinyawo ezinyakazayo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ithebhulethi izinzile futhi ayinyakazi.

2. Ukufakwa kukabakaki nokulungiswa kwe-fulcrum: Beka ipuleti lensimbi eliwukhonkolo kubakaki abazinikezele futhi ulungise ukuma kwe-fulcrum ukuze ulenze lisondele ku-symmetry emaphakathi ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ipuleti ligcizelelwe ngokulinganayo.

3. Ukulungiswa kokuqala kwemilenze esekelayo: Hlola futhi ulungise umlenze ngamunye osekelayo ngamunye ngamunye ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi iphuzu ngalinye elisekelayo lingagcizelelwa ngokulinganayo ukuze ugweme ukugcwala kwendawo.

4. Ukutholwa kwezinga nokulungisa kahle: Sebenzisa ithuluzi lokulinganisa eleveli (njengeleveli yomoya noma ileveli ye-elekthronikhi) ukuze uthole ileveli ye-cast iron plate. Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa, lungisa kahle ama-fulcrums afanele kuze kube yilapho ipuleti lifika endaweni evundlile.

5. Ukuma nokuhlolwa kabusha: Ngemva kokuba ukulungiswa kokuqala sekufanelekile, vumela ipuleti lensimbi elibunjiwe lime amahora angu-12 ukuze kuqedwe ukuwohloka okungaba khona okuncane. Ngemuva kwalokho, kuzophinde kuhlolwe futhi uma kuhluleka, kudinga ukulungiswa futhi kuze kube yilapho kudlula ukuhlolwa ngaphambi kokuthi kusetshenziswe.

6. Ukuhlolwa nokugcinwa ngezikhathi ezithile: Ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, ipuleti lensimbi eliwuketshezi kufanele lihlolwe futhi ligcinwe njalo ngokuya ngendawo yangempela kanye nokusetshenziswa kwalo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi lihlala lisesimweni esihle.

Izinyathelo zokuphepha zokusetshenziswa:

Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa ipuleti lomshini oyisicefe waphansi, sicela uqinisekise ukuthi lifakwe kahle futhi lilungiswe kahle.

Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, sula indawo yokusebenza yebhentshi ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ayinayo imfucumfucu namabala.

Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, gwema ukungqubuzana okukhulu phakathi kwendawo yokusebenza nendawo yokusebenza yepuleti lomshini oyisicefe phansi ukuze uvimbele ukulimala endaweni yokusebenza.

Isisindo se-workpiece akumele sidlule umthwalo olinganiselwe, ngaphandle kwalokho kungase kuholele ekunciphiseni ikhwalithi yomsebenzi noma ngisho kulimaze isakhiwo setafula lomshini oyisicefe, okubangela ukuguquguquka noma ukungasebenzi.

Izinyathelo zokuqapha ngesikhathi sokufakwa, ukuthunyelwa kanye nokusetshenziswa zibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza okuvamile kanye nokwelula impilo yesevisi ye-cast iron plate yomshini oyisicefe omile. Sicela uqiniseke ukuthi ulandela lezi zinyathelo ezingenhla futhi uqaphele ngokucophelela izinyathelo zokusetshenziswa ukuze uqinisekise ukuzinza nokuphepha kwedivayisi.

Intengo yamapulatifomu ensimbi ithonywa yizici eziningi Ngisho namapulatifomu ensimbi anobukhulu obufanayo angahluka ngesigaba sesisindo (esindayo noma esilula) kanye nokuguquguquka kwamanani entengo yezinto ezingavuthiwe. Ukuze uthole isiteji sensimbi esakhiwe esingenalutho esingase sicutshungulwe ekubunjweni kwesikhulumi sensimbi esinembayo esiphezulu, inqubo yokuphonsa kufanele ilawulwe ngokuqinile, ebeka izidingo eziphezulu ezingeni lobuchwepheshe kanye nekhwalithi yobuchwepheshe yabasebenzi base-Foundry. Indawo yokusebenza ye-cast iron plate kufanele ibe bushelelezi futhi ingabi nasici, ingabi nasici sokuphonsa njengezimbotshana, izimbobo zesihlabathi, i-slag inclusions, imifantu noma ukuxega. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukuhlanzwa kwesihlabathi kwawo wonke ucezu lokusebenzela kumele kwenziwe ngokuhlanzekile nangokucophelela.

Mayelana nokukhethwa kwezinto zamapuleti ensimbi, i-HT200 grey cast iron isiphenduke into esetshenziswa kakhulu embonini ngenxa yenani elithengekayo, ukusebenza kahle kakhulu kokucubungula ipulasitiki, ukunemba okuzinzile futhi akulula ukukonakalisa. Uma kuqhathaniswa, nakuba i-iron ductile inezinto ezithuthuke kakhulu kanye nobuchwepheshe bokucubungula, izindleko zayo nazo ziphakeme ngokuhambisanayo. Ngakho-ke, akuwona ukonga ukukhetha i-ductile iron njengento eluhlaza yamapuleti ayisicaba ensimbi ngaphandle kwezidingo ezikhethekile zokusetshenziswa. Kafushane, i-HT200 grey iron iron ithatha isikhundla esibalulekile emkhakheni wokukhiqiza isiteji sensimbi ngenxa yezinzuzo zayo eziyingqayizivele.